Study and Optimization of Resources in the Insular Territory of Colombia Based on the Water-Energy-Food (WEF) Analytical Model for Sustainable Energy Consumption and Production: a Case Study of the Island of San Andres

This study focuses on the transition to a more sustainable energy system on the island of San Andres, Colombia, with the aim of significantly reducing greenhouse gas emissions and contributing to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Through implementing a renewable energy-based microgrid (solar and wind), the aim is to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and improve air quality. Through detailed simulations and analysis of the WEF Nexus framework, the technical feasibility of this proposal is assessed. The results obtained demonstrate that the integration of renewable energy and storage systems can drastically reduce CO2 emissions, which directly contributes to the fulfilment of SDG 13 on climate action. Furthermore, improved energy security and water-use efficiency contribute to other SDGs, such as access to affordable and clean energy (SDG 7) and sustainable water and sanitation management (SDG 6). This study provides a roadmap for the implementation of sustainable energy solutions in island communities and contributes to the global effort to mitigate climate change.