Analysis of the Efficiency of Modern Denitrification Technologies for Flue Gases from Coal-Fired Boilers. Analysis of Problems and Prospects

With the continuous development of economy and society, global energy consumption continues to grow, and the corresponding environmental problems are becoming more and more obvious, and a large number of harmful emissions of flue gases from boiler plants, such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, carbon oxides, have led to the problem of global deterioration of the ecological state of the environment, negative changes in atmospheric air quality indicators, the formation of acid rain, etc. During the operation period of coal-fired heating boilers, the urgent environmental problem of neutralizing a significant amount of nitrogen oxides NOX formed in the process of generating thermal energy during combustion needs to be solved. The article analyzes effective technologies for cleaning flue gases of coal-fired boilers from nitrogen and sulfur oxides: selective catalytic reduction (SCR), selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR), adsorption denitrification with activated carbon and plasma method. In the process of research, main characteristics of these technologies, requirements for implementation, areas of practical application, levels of efficiency were systematized and a comparative analysis was conducted according to the following criteria: provided denitrification rate, principle of operation, advantages and disadvantages, the degree of use. The effectiveness, features of application and practical attractiveness of various means of denitrification of flue gases of coal-fired boilers were studied and systematized in order to create the information base of modern environmental methods and technologies for neutralizing the harmful effects of combustion products of solid fuels of power generating plants on the environment. The research found that the existing high-efficiency SCR and SNCR technologies will be widely used in flue gas denitrification technology in the future, and the integration technologies of desulfurization and denitrification, such as adsorption method and plasma method, will be actively developed to explore flue gas purification technologies suitable for the application of local production characteristics.