Design of THz Photonic Crystal Fibers Using ENZ Filled Elliptical Holes Near the Core

A photonic crystal fiber (PCF) filled with commercial index-matching liquids can be designed customizedly to control the optical properties of PCF. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the optical properties of photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) made of High Resistivity Silicon (HRS) that have been modified for operating within the terahertz (THz) frequency regime. The detailed analysis of high birefringence and nonlinearity properties that are inherent in these fibers is the primary focus of this study. A PCF design technique was presented that incorporates epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) materials deliberately placed within the cladding structure to enhance birefringence. Effective material loss, confinement loss, total loss, dispersion, birefringence, non-linearity etc were the optical properties that were used to assess the performances of the PCF. In this work a new design was introduced combining circular and elliptical holes. The practical implications of the findings were highlighted to understand the versatility of HRS as flexible platform for the construction of advanced THz devices. The significance of investigating new PCF geometries and material compositions was emphasized to further improve the model’s effectiveness and usefulness.