Energy Trading Strategy for Park Integrated Energy System under Shared Energy Storage Operator Participation: A Stackelberg Game Approach

Developing a rational energy trading strategy for park integrated energy systems (PIES) can effectively enhance the utilization of renewable energy(RE) within the system and reduce operating costs. However, there is an information asymmetry between participants in the current trading process, especially when it comes to coordinating key elements of the transaction such as time, power and price. This information gap not only increases the complexity of trading, but also significantly reduces the efficiency and fairness of trading. To address these issues, this paper proposes an energy trading method for PIES under shared energy storage operator(SESO) participation. First, an energy trading framework between SESO and PIES is introduced, in which the entire transaction process is completed through a shared Energy storage system (SESS) managed by SESO. Second, a “one-leader-multi-follower” Stackelberg game model is established, with SESO as the leader aiming to maximize its revenue and PIES as followers striving to minimize their operational costs. Finally, two scenarios are designed for comparative analysis to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model and method. The results demonstrate that the proposed method not only increases the revenue of SESO but also effectively reduces the operational costs of PIES, improving the utilization rate of RE by 7.92%.