Modeling Method of Protection Operational Risk in Smart Substation Based on Distributed Petri Nets

For the problem of incorrect soft platen operation on the functioning of protection systems in smart substations. This paper proposes a method for modeling the operational risks of protection systems in smart substations based on distributed Petri nets. According to the working principle of protection in smart substation, Petri net models for each protection, including platens, are constructed utilizing the platen configurations of each protection device from the SCD file. Based on the virtual circuit relationships, coupling relationship databases and coupling status databases for information interaction among protections are constructed. Assuming a fault occurs in primary equipment, the method simulates the activation and deactivation states of the platens in the corresponding Petri net. It then invokes the Petri net of the respective protection and performs step-by-step deductions and analyses. The effectiveness of this method is verified through cases study involving Petri net for line protection.