Modified Hybrid Technique tuned PID Controller for Enhancing Load Frequency Control in a Three-Area Power System

This paper utilizes a modified hybrid technique formulated by Artificial Bee Colony and Particle Swarm Optimization algorithms, called as MHABC-PSO. It facilitates the activity of PID controller for enhancing the load frequency control in a three-area power system. In order to evaluate the MHABC-PSO model how does it work, a series of experiments has been conducted under various conditions. The system’s response is measured by analyzing the maximum overshoot, undershoot, and settling time of both frequency and power deviations in each area. Integral time absolute error (ITAE) has been utilized here as an objective function. Firstly, the proposed method is evaluated for dynamic performance by applying a $2 \%$ step load perturbation (SLP) in Area-1 and Area-2. Subsequently, the study is expanded with random SLP throughout all three areas for duration of 100 seconds. The robustness of the proposed MHABC-PSO model is investigated by conducting a sensitivity analysis with adjusting the system’s nominal parameters within a $\pm 25 \%$ range. Furthermore, the performance of MHABC-PSO is compared to other well-known techniques, such as, PSO, GWO, ISCA, and ABC-PSO. The evaluation is conducted using the ITAE index and controller settling times, resulting that MHABC-PSO achieves superior outcomes.