Improving Dynamic Stability for Load Frequency Control of the Interconnected Power Systems Using Hybrid ABC-PSO Model

This paper conducts a stability analysis for load frequency control in interconnected two-area systems using a hybrid technique formulated by Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), called as HABC-PSO. The HABC-PSO model combines the best features of ABC and PSO to find the best controller settings quickly. Thus, controlling the load frequencies can be easier when any problems are occurred. The proposed HABC-PSO focuses on developing and evaluating a two-area thermal-hydro power system using a PID controller, where the integral time absolute error (ITAE) is used as the objective function. A Lyapunov-based method is employed to evaluate the stability of the proposed HABC-PSO. Since system behavior reflects its stability, the effectiveness of HABC-PSO is justified through ITAE assessments as well as the analysis of the settling times for frequency and tie-line power deviations across both regions. The results highlight the model’s effectiveness and resilience in finding optimal PID controller gains, ensuring quick stabilization of the system with zero steady-state errors for both frequency and tie-line power deviations following a 1% step load perturbation (SLP). Furthermore, comparisons between the performances of the proposed HABC-PSO and other existing methods are made based on ITAE and controller settling times. Finally, the step response has been analyzed to obtain a deeper understanding of the dynamic behavior of the test system in response to a step input.