Management of Enhancing Wind Power Penetration in Grid-Connected Hydrogen and Ammonia Systems

The increasing need for carbon-neutral energy solutions has driven research in renewable energy integration. This work presents an energy management strategy for a renewable power-to-hydrogen and ammonia system under three distinct scenarios. Experimental evaluations demonstrated that the proposed on-grid hydrogen-ammonia hybrid energy system effectively mitigated energy curtailment, enhanced system flexibility, and significantly improved economic performance. Specifically, the renewable energy utilization level reaches 98.3%, highlighting the grid-connected hybrid system capacity for higher renewable penetration. Furthermore, the curtailment costs are reduced by 77.2%, underscoring the capability of the hybrid system to improve energy efficiency while reducing expenses. The results emphasize the substantial potential of renewable hydrogen and ammonia integration to achieve cost-effective and sustainable energy systems.