Secondary Frequency Control Strategy of Distribution-Level Virtual Power Plant

Active distribution networks, incorporating photo-voltaic systems, energy storage, and charging stations, present promising resources for grid regulation. Aggregating these distributed energy resources (DERs) into a Distribution-level Vir-tual Power Plant (DLVPP) enables coordinated participation in secondary frequency regulation. However, limitations such as constrained energy storage capacity, unpredictable photovoltaic (PV) generation, and voltage violations present significant chal-lenges, rendering traditional regulation strategies inadequate. To address these issues, this paper introduces a secondary frequency regulation strategy based on stochastic model predictive control (SMPC) for DLVPPs. The proposed strategy ensures rapid and precise responses to Automatic Generation Control (AGC) commands amidst DER disturbances. Key contributions include aggregation modeling, scenario-based PV uncertainty representation, and SMPC strategy formulation, which collectively minimize the impact of regulation on system voltage and establish a robust theoretical framework for DLVPP applications.