Effectiveness of ChatGPT in education: a meta-analysis

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of ChatGPT in educational settings through a meta-analytic approach. A meta-analysis of 28 empirical studies conducted between 2023 and 2024 was undertaken to assess the educational impact of ChatGPT, as well as to examine the influence of moderating variables such as environment, school level, duration of the experiment, educational domain, and type of knowledge. The analysis results indicate that the learning environment, particularly asynchronous online learning environments, significantly moderates the effects of ChatGPT. ChatGPT facilitates students' cognitive development and motivation to learn by providing personalized learning resources and immediate feedback.