Design of an Insulation Fault Detecting circuit for Electric Vehicles using a Supercapacitor to minimize the fault detection time

The growing appeal of electric vehicles (EVs) has led to a need for improved insulation defect detection. This research proposes a unique method of integrating supercapacitors into the electrical system to improve insulation defect detection. Supercapacitors have faster charge-discharge cycles, a higher power density, and greater endurance. The proposed design allows real-time monitoring of insulation integrity, allowing for quick identification of insulation failure variations. The supercapacitors’ inherent robustness increases the defect detection system’s reliability, ensuring ongoing functioning even in adverse environments. MATLAB(Simulink) software was used to develop the model and the fault detection time has been reduced to microseconds i.e., 629.802 microseconds compared to conventional methods which take milliseconds to detect the fault. Comparing this with current techniques highlights the increased functioning of fault detection circuits achieved by integrating supercapacitors. This study represents a significant step towards ensuring the reliability and security of electric cars, paving the way for extensive fault perception and enhancing EV technology recognition in the automotive sector.