A Multi-Physics Field Coupling Simulation Approach for Photovoltaic Power Stations

Photovoltaic power generation involves a variety of physical processes, which form a complex coupling relationship and affect the energy output of the system. These processes, which include solar irradiation, temperature, humidity, wind speed and wind direction, exhibit dynamic characteristics that cannot be effectively captured by single-point values. Therefore, the spatial and temporal variations of these environmental factors and their interactions with Photovoltaic arrays must be investigated from the perspective of multi-physics field coupling to support accurate simulations. While existing studies have mainly focused on the module or array level, this paper extends the analysis to the scale of the entire photovoltaic plant. By introducing the Lattice Boltzmann Method, this work simulates the spatial and temporal distributions of the temperature, relative humidity and wind fields, taking into account the impact of the photovoltaic system on the surrounding environment. Experiment based on real photovoltaic system parameters and measurements are conducted, and the results demonstrate the soundness and accuracy of the proposed approach.