Satellite Based Quasi Real-Time IoT Network Design and Analysis

Satellite constellation and routing protocol design for satellite Internet of Things incorporating time-constraint delivery is challenging. A comprehensive examination of a satellite IoT for Quasi Real-Time (QRT ) network is presented in this work. The proposed network architecture relies on low-cost, low-power IoT devices that directly interact with satellites, enabling efficient data transmission. Further, we propose a sparse low Earth orbit satellite constellation, implemented through a complexity progressive gradient design algorithm to achieve connectivity to IoT sensors worldwide with a variation of QRT defined as QRT 1H with a 1-hour deadline. Moreover, in this work, we propose Contact Graph Routing-Dynamic Update (CGRDU) to optimize the routing process and effectively deliver bundles even in the presence of intermittent link failures. The simulation results confirmed that the proposed routing scheme demonstrates superior performance in delivering bundles, especially in scenarios with intermittent link failures. The proposed satellite-based QRT network represents a promising solution for extending the reach of IoT systems beyond the limits of traditional communication networks.