Exploring the Implications and Methodologies of Securing the E2 Interface

This work emerges from the rising need to understand and handle security vulnerabilities in fast-evolving technologies such as 5G and beyond, including open radio access network (O-RAN). It provides an in-depth examination of the security aspects of the E2 interface within the O-RAN context. The research underscores the many roles that the E2 interface assumes in enabling communication between the RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) and the E2 node and conducts a thorough examination of the interface’s numerous vulnerabilities and security concerns. This work also examines the security techniques and approaches offered by the O-RAN Alliance to protect the E2 interface. Although there are other works on interface security, such as open fronthaul (O-FH) or other RAN components, this work is unique in that it focuses solely on the importance of securing the E2 interface. Given the stakes, it emphasizes the critical relevance of the E2 interface in overall network communication. The findings could be a significant complement to existing resources and provide useful insights for future research. The report finishes with prospective paths for future research into the security of the E2 interface.