Long-Term Outcomes of Native Infective Endocarditis After Surgery: A Single-Centre Experience

Objective: Infective endocarditis requires prompt recognition and treatment due to its high mortality and morbidity rates. Few studies compare long-term patient outcomes after mitral and aortic valve endocarditis surgery. Hence, we aim to assess this in our cohort. Methods: We included adult patients aged 18 and above who underwent surgery between April 2011 and April 2021 for first-time native aortic or mitral valve endocarditis in our study. Patients were followed up until July 2024. Results: 94 patients were included in our study. Streptococcus was the most common bacterial species causing infective endocarditis and was more prevalent in the aortic group than the mitral group. Conversely, Staphylococci were more common in the mitral group. Patients undergoing mitral valve surgery had longer bypass and cross-clamp times compared to the aortic group. There was no statistical difference between aortic valve (AV) and mitral valve (MV) endocarditis in early post-operative re-exploration rates, post-operative cerebrovascular accidents (CVA), or post-operative dialysis. Patients with AV and MV endocarditis had comparable in-hospital and 1-year post-surgery mortality rates. Although the mortality rate for aortic valve endocarditis was higher at both 5-year and 8-year follow-ups, it was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Despite some differences in peri-operative variables, there was no significant difference in short- and long-term mortality rates after aortic and mitral valve endocarditis surgery.