Adenomyoepithelioma of the breast: a challenging diagnosis on biopsy—case report and literature review

Adenomyoepithelioma of the breast (AME) is a rare tumor characterized by a dual proliferation of epithelial and myoepithelial cells. Although typically benign, AME carries a significant risk of recurrence and, in rare cases, malignant transformation. Its rarity, variable imaging features, and histological complexity make diagnosis challenging. Because it can closely mimic invasive breast carcinoma and overlap with other myoepithelial lesions, accurate histopathological assessment is essential. Here, we present the case of a 58-year-old woman with AME diagnosed on mastectomy following an initial misdiagnosis as carcinoma based on biopsy results. We review the literature and highlight the histopathological pitfalls associated with this rare entity.