Beyond the Tumor: Invasive Fungal Infection Unveiled in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Patient Mimicking Disease Relapse.

This case underscores the critical need for biopsy of new or evolving lesions in cancer patients, particularly when imaging is not convincing enough for a relapse. Accurate diagnosis is essential to differentiate between disease progression and complications such as opportunistic infections. The occurrence of a fungal brain abscess in this patient highlights the importance of considering such invasive opportunistic infections in immunocompromised individuals, especially those undergoing intensive chemotherapy. Furthermore, the challenges faced due to the unavailability of targeted therapies in resource-limited settings emphasize the need for better access to advanced treatments and comprehensive management strategies. This case also calls for heightened vigilance and prompt diagnostic evaluation to address both cancer progression and potential opportunistic infections effectively.