Volatile outcomes of essential public health functions: a cross-sectional study of surveillance and equitable access on Brazil’s Unified Health System (SUS)

The study proposes a conceptual framework to analyze EPHF performance through a resilience lens, emphasizing the need to manage variability for stable, high-quality service delivery in the SUS. Recommendations include strengthening health data systems, integrating contextual factors into resilience planning, and enhancing institutional capacity. This work advances efforts to operationalize resilience assessments in universal health systems, offering actionable insights for policymakers and practitioners.