Feasibility Analysis of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems with Battery Storage for Rural Electrification in Samunaka, Niger State: A Newton-Raphson Approach

The subject of the research covers the extended power flow analysis of a Hybrid Renewable Energy System (HRES) for rural electrification in Samunaka, Mokwa Local Government Area of Niger State, Nigeria. The analysis was based on the Newton-Raphson approach, which has been used to study the steady-state voltage profile, load balance, and transmission line power loss reduction of the system concerned. Solar photovoltaic (PV) modules, wind turbines, and lithium-ion battery storage were incorporated in a hybrid configuration to provide a reliable micro off-grid system, which reflects the local demand pattern over residential, commercial, and community loads. The MATLAB numeric programming was used to simulate a fourbus system that comprised a slack bus, a PV bus, and two PQ buses. Through the application of the Newton-Raphson method, fast and robust convergence results in the final bus voltages of 1.00pm, 1.01pm, 1.02pm, and 1.00pm, with phase angles 0.000, 0.025, -0.010 and 0.005, respectively. Hence, it can be concluded that the performance indicated that the system is having a stable operation and voltage regulation, even with situation-derived variation in renewable generation nucleating such high flexible applications. The Newton-Raphson method has quickly and robustly converged, resulting in final bus voltagemagnitudes of 1.00 p.u., 1.01 p.u., 1.02 p.u., and 1.00 p.u. with phase angles of 0.000, 0.025, -0.010, and 0.005, respectively. This shows that the system has performed well concerning stable operation and voltage regulation despite varying generation capacity from the renewable sources. Bar plots and polar graphs were also produced for visualization of voltage magnitudes and phase angles in order to grasp intuitively the network behavior. The analysis provides a strong case for the viability and reliability of renewable energy technology integrated with smart control strategies for the sake of sustainable rural electrification. The results therefore present a roadmap for policies geared toward fast-tracking clean energy deployment in neglected areas, so far as technically sound and economically justifiable micro grid design is concerned