The Effect of Cumin Essential Oil on the Changes in Total Oxidant Status and Interleukin-6 in the Model of Gastric Ulcer in Rats

Abstract The role of oxidative stress and interleukin-6 as well as calcium in the pathogenesis of gastric ulcer is controversial. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties of cumin in the gastrointestinal disease has been investigated. In this experimental study, the effect of cumin essential oil on the serum changes of these factors was investigated. The study was conducted on 6 groups of rats as follows: Group 1: Sesame oil (as cumin diluent), Group 2: Cumin essential oil 400 mg/kg, Group 3: Indomethacin at the dose of 50 mg/kg, Group 4: Indomethacin 50 mg/kg + Cumin essential oil 200 mg/kg, group 5: indomethacin 50 mg/kg + Cumin essential oil 400 mg/kg, group 6: indomethacin 50 mg/kg + omeprazole 20 mg/kg. All drugs received orally. After 6 hours of indomethacin administration, rats were anesthetized with ketamine-xylosin. Blood was collected via cardiac puncture after euthanasia. Total Oxidant Status (TOS) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured in serum using a commercial ELISA kit and total serum calcium was analyzed with auto analyzer. Indomethacin caused the destruction of the covering epithelium and the invasion of inflammatory cells and also induced microscopic edema of the stomach tissue and caused a significant increase in interleukin 6 in the serum of rat. Cumin in both doses of 200 and 400 mg reduced tissue damage and decreased IL-6 significantly (p < 0.05). Indomethacin significantly increased Total Oxidant Status (TOS) compared to cumin group alone (p < 0.05). The amount of serum calcium in the group receiving indomethacin + omeprazole was significantly lower than the other groups, and the average of this factor was not statistically different among the other groups, in other words, indomethacin and cumin essential oil had no effect on the amount of serum calcium. Indomethacin significantly increased IL- 6 and TOS and had no effect on calcium levels. Cumin essential oil decreased only the amount of IL-6 significantly.