Invited Roles of Geophysics in Society through Integrated Surveys for Shallow Groundwater Explorations in Drought-Affected, Central Thailand

Summary Geophysics plays a crucial role in sustainable development, yet many people are unaware of its societal impact. This study demonstrates how geophysical applications can benefit farmers in drought-stricken rural areas. By using a range of geophysical techniques, researchers explored shallow groundwater resources (less than 15 meters deep) in central Thailand to identify paleochannels with accessible water sources. The integrated methods included remote sensing, geology, and various geophysical surveys (2D resistivity imaging, Ground Penetrating Radar, 2D Multichannel Analysis of Surface Wave, and multi-frequency electromagnetic surveys). The study successfully defined viable shallow groundwater resources within the paleochannels, yielding flow rates of 3.2–8.2 m3/hr at depths under 15 meters. Most existing wells in the region are 30–50 meters deep, making them costly to drill. The newly identified shallow groundwater resources offer a cost-effective solution for local communities to develop essential water resources. These resources enable residents, especially those in severe drought areas, to cultivate high-value crops like asparagus, cabbage, coriander, and banana, providing additional income and improving their quality of life. This pilot project highlights the potential for developing economically viable shallow groundwater resources in paleochannels to support rural communities facing drought conditions.