Diabetic retinopathy: knowledge, attitudes, and practices among diabetic patients

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of diabetic patients in Arar, Saudi Arabia, regarding diabetic retinopathy (DR) and identify their primary sources of information.MethodsThis cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted in Arar, Saudi Arabia, with a sample size of 535 participants recruited via convenient sampling. A pre-designed questionnaire assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward DR. The survey evaluated the knowledge (12 questions), attitudes, practices (7 questions), and sources of information on DR. Data were analyzed using STATA/SE, and Chi-square tests were used to assess relationships between variables. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.ResultsOf the 535 participants, 54% (289 participants) demonstrated a high knowledge, and 57% (305 participants) had positive attitudes and practices towards DR. Significant associations were found between the personal history of DR and both the knowledge and attitudes/practices (p < 0.001 each). The internet (71%) was the most common source of information, followed by general physicians (59%) and ophthalmologists (53%).ConclusionsWhile most participants had a high knowledge and positive attitudes towards DR, there is room for improvement. A gap in understanding the impact of diabetes duration as a risk factor for DR was identified, thus highlighting the need for focused educational interventions. Enhancing health care professionals-patient communication and utilizing digital platforms can further raise awareness and promote preventive practices.