Numerical Simulation-Based Optimization of Elliptical Cross-Section Microchannel Heat Sink Structures

为提高椭圆微通道散热器的综合性能，文章开展了椭圆截面微通道散热器的多目标优化设计研究。为获得最佳的散热性能及最低的泵送功率，文章结合数值模拟、响应面法和NSGA-II多目标优化算法，系统研究了椭圆微通道散热器不同参数对散热器性能的影响规律，并获得了最优设计方案。结果表明，与基准圆形截面散热器相比，优化后的椭圆截面微通道散热器在系统最大温度(降低2.16 K)、热阻(下降4.6%)、对流换热系数(提高22.2%)和泵功率(降低2.2%)等方面均表现出显著优势。To enhance the comprehensive performance of elliptical microchannel heat sinks, this study conducts a multi-objective optimization design investigation on elliptical cross-section microchannel heat sinks. Aiming to achieve optimal thermal performance and minimal pumping power, the research systematically examines the influence of various parameters on heat sink performance by integrating numerical simulation, response surface methodology (RSM), and the NSGA-II multi-objective optimization algorithm, ultimately obtaining an optimal design solution. The results demonstrate that, compared to the baseline circular cross-section heat sink, the optimized elliptical microchannel heat sink exhibits significant advantages in terms of system maximum temperature (reduced by 2.16 K), thermal resistance (decreased by 4.6%), convective heat transfer coefficient (increased by 22.2%), and pumping power (lowered by 2.2%).