Profile of the Adult Immigrant: Key Factors for Social Inclusion from a Sociodemographic, Linguistic, and Employment Perspective

This study examines the profile of adult immigrants and the factors influencing their social inclusion in Huelva (Spain) and Marseille (France). The aim was to analyse how sociodemographic, linguistic, and employment-related aspects affect the integration of adult immigrants. A quantitative methodology was employed, with a sample of 66 immigrants in Huelva and 15 in Marseille. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were conducted, including tests of normality, sample comparisons, correlations, regressions, and structural analysis. The results revealed significant differences between individuals from the two cities. In Huelva, a positive relationship was found between the immigrants' age and their employment situation, whereas in Marseille this relationship was not significant. Prolonged residence in Huelva was associated with better command of Spanish and more effective labour market integration. Vocational training proved to be crucial in improving the employment situation of immigrants in both cities. Furthermore, proficiency in multiple languages facilitated both social and professional integration. The study concludes that effective integration of immigrants requires holistic policies that take into account factors such as age, length of residence, vocational training, and language skills, tailored to the specific context of each city.