Mitigating Pharmaceutical Pollutants in Construction Water by Implementing Innovative Mitigation Strategies for a Safer and Sustainable Building Environment

Pharmaceutical pollutants have become a serious environmental issue that poses serious threats to aquatic environments and human health. In the construction industry, the application of water that contains pharmaceutical residues can undermine the structural stability, safety, and sustainability of buildings. This review article analyzes the origins and nature of pharmaceutical pollutants in construction water and their wider implications for environmental and public health. The research assesses existing regulatory policies and points to the urgent need for innovative, sustainable mitigation technologies. Treatment options, such as advanced biological and chemical filtration, microbial bioremediation, constructed wetlands, and advanced oxidation processes, are subject to critical analysis. In addition, the application of these methods in hybrid systems is investigated to improve treatment effectiveness and affordability. Based on a review of case studies and field applications, this paper evaluates the practical effectiveness of these approaches and detects gaps in current research and policy. The conclusions highlight the need for ongoing innovation and interdisciplinary approaches in addressing the increasing problem of pharmaceutical pollution in water used in construction.