PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT USING RICE HUSK ASH IN CONCRETE

Concrete usage worldwide is second only to water. OPC is conventionally used as the main binder in the production of concrete. The environmental issues mixed with the production of OPC. The quantity of the carbon dioxide released during the production of OPC because of to the calcinations of limestone and combustion of fossil fuel is in the line of one ton for every ton of OPC produced. In addition, the energy required to produce OPC is only slightly more than that of steel and aluminum. Portland cement concrete is a combined substance of Portland cement, aggregates, and water. Concrete is the normally used construction material. Due to an increase in infrastructure development, the demand for concrete is expected to rise in the future demand. The production of Portland cement releases carbon dioxide, a highest level of contributor to greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere. The manufacture of every ton of Portland cement contributes approximately about one ton of CO2. Globally, the world’s Portland cement production contributes six percent of the global loading of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. By 2012, the world's cement consumption rate had reached approximately 4,425 million tons, meaning that about 265.5 million tons of CO2 would be released. In order to address the environmental effects combined with Portland cement, there is a need to use other binders to produce concrete These include the utilization of supplementary cementing materials (SCMs) such as fly ash, silica fume, granulated blast furnace slag, rice-husk ash, and metakaolin, as well as the development of other source of binders to Portland cement. Globally, approximately 850 million tonnes of rice are harvested annually, with approximately 160 million tonnes produced in India alone. Average, 20% of the rice paddy is husk, presenting an annual total production of 160 million tonnes. This rice husk, when burnt, produces 32 million tonnes of Rice Husk Ash (20% approx.). In the majority of rice-producing countries, most of the husk produced during rice processing is either burned or discarded as waste. The specific objectives of this study were to compare to below mentioned performance characteristics of concrete made with the partial replacement of cement by four different materials. Different combinations of RHA mixtures, to levels of 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%, with that of concrete made with no cement replacement at all