Effectiveness of Multimodal Intervention (Mother-Child-Teacher) on Time Self-Management and Inhibition in Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Background & Aims: Children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience psychological challenges that require collaborative interventions from schools and families, particularly mothers.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a multimodal (mother-childteacher) intervention on time self-management and inhibition in children with ADHD.Materials & Methods: This quasi-experimental study used a pretest-posttest control group design with follow-up.The statistical population included all elementary school children aged 9 to 11 years with ADHD in Kerman in 2023.Thirty participants were selected via convenience sampling and randomly assigned to experimental (n=15) or control (n=15) groups.Participants completed Swanson's (2012) Child Behavior Rating Scale (Parent Form) and Barkley's (2012) Children and Adolescents Executive Actions Scale.The people in the experimental group received multimodal intervention (mother-child-teacher) during 10 sessions, two sessions per week, for 45 minutes.The research data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA test in SPSS software version 27. Results:The results showed that before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the mean score of time self-management and inhibition of the intervention and control groups, but there was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of these scores in the intervention and control groups after the intervention.The mean and standard deviation of selfmanagement in the post-test were 2.8535.86 and inhibition was 4.7633.80(P<0.001). Conclusion:According to the results of this study, the multimodal intervention in order to time selfmanagement and inhibition effectively enhanced; therefore, psychologists and therapists can use multimodal intervention (mother-child-teacher) along with other treatment methods to reduce the problems of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.