Evolution and arousal of high-speed train drivers’ vigilance based on physiological information

Vigilance decrement has become one of the main risk factors for train accidents. It is of great significance to evaluate high-speed train drivers' vigilance in real time during long-duration driving. In this study, a driving simulation experiment was conducted to collect multimodal physiological information, and the vigilance index was defined by principal component analysis (PCA) to identify its evolution. Furthermore, the effects of sound and vibration stimuli on arousing vigilance were analyzed, and visual characteristics during vigilance decrements were examined. The results indicate a significant vigilance decrease after 30 min of driving, more pronounced at 45 and 65 min. During vigilance decrements, fixation points decrease, vision narrows and key visual information is more likely to be ignored. Both vibration and sound stimuli arouse vigilance, with vibration acting more rapidly while sound increases gradually. These findings provide a theoretical basis for real-time monitoring vigilance and ensuring driving safety.