Dietary Patterns and Sustainable Lifestyles: A Multicenter Study from Latin America and Spain

Food systems interact through multiple dimensions including food security, nutrition, and planetary health. This study aims to associate different dietary patterns with sustainable lifestyles in Latin America and Spain. This was an observational, analytical, multicenter, cross-sectional survey study, with a total of 6412 participants. A self-administered questionnaire was developed in an online format in the Google Docs interface. The questionnaire was divided into sections: (1) sociodemographic background: country of residence, age, sex, educational level, socioeconomic aspects, and place of residence; (2) body mass index classification; (3) dietary patterns (Western, vegetarian, vegan, ketogenic, Mediterranean, prudent, or paleolithic diets); and (4) the Sustainable Lifestyles Survey. Multivariate models were applied to adjust for potential confounding factors. The mean age of the participants was 35.2 years (SD 12.7). The majority of participants identified their dietary pattern as omnivorous (41.5%), followed by the Western diet (21.7%) and the Mediterranean diet (12.7%). Plant-based, vegan (β: 14.90; 95% CI: 9.75-20.05), and lacto egg (β: 12.08; 95% CI: 8.57-15.58) diets are significantly associated with a higher sustainability score compared to an omnivorous diet. In contrast, a Western diet is inversely associated (β: -5.63; 95% CI: -7.20 to -4.06). Finally, a vegan (Sub-score 1: β: 6.19; 95% CI: 4.43-7.96) diet is consistently associated with higher levels of sustainability in all areas assessed. In contrast, the Western diet shows a significant negative association with sustainability in all subcomponents assessed. Conclusions: Plant-based dietary patterns were shown to be associated with sustainable lifestyles, with the vegan diet having the greatest association, while the Western dietary pattern was inversely associated.

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Journal
Foods
Published
2025-06-11
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14122065
Citations
1
Primary Topic
Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
1.72
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article

Dietary Patterns and Sustainable Lifestyles: A Multicenter Study from Latin America and Spain

Saby Camacho‐López, Alfonsina Ortíz, Ana María Aguilar, Jairo Torres et al.
1 citations
Foods
Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
1.72
article

Dietary Patterns and Sustainable Lifestyles: A Multicenter Study from Latin America and Spain

Saby Camacho‐López, Alfonsina Ortíz, Ana María Aguilar, Jairo Torres, Brian M Cavagnari, Samuel Durán‐Agüero, Gladys Morales, Beatriz Núñez‐Martínez, Ana Gabriela Murillo, Macarena Jara, Leslie Landaeta‐Díaz, Tannia Valeria Carpio-Arias, Jacqueline Araneda‐Flores, Edna J. Nava‐González, Eliana Romina Meza-Miranda, Israel Ríos-Castillo, João Lima, Jhon Jairo Bejarano-Roncancio, Solange Parra‐Soto, Karla Cordón‐Arrivillaga, Georgina Gómez, Patricio Pérez-Armijo, Melissa Miranda-Durán, Jorge de Assis Costa, Gloria Maricela Morales, Saby Mauricio
article en
1 citations

Abstract

Food systems interact through multiple dimensions including food security, nutrition, and planetary health. This study aims to associate different dietary patterns with sustainable lifestyles in Latin America and Spain. This was an observational, analytical, multicenter, cross-sectional survey study, with a total of 6412 participants. A self-administered questionnaire was developed in an online format in the Google Docs interface. The questionnaire was divided into sections: (1) sociodemographic background: country of residence, age, sex, educational level, socioeconomic aspects, and place of residence; (2) body mass index classification; (3) dietary patterns (Western, vegetarian, vegan, ketogenic, Mediterranean, prudent, or paleolithic diets); and (4) the Sustainable Lifestyles Survey. Multivariate models were applied to adjust for potential confounding factors. The mean age of the participants was 35.2 years (SD 12.7). The majority of participants identified their dietary pattern as omnivorous (41.5%), followed by the Western diet (21.7%) and the Mediterranean diet (12.7%). Plant-based, vegan (β: 14.90; 95% CI: 9.75-20.05), and lacto egg (β: 12.08; 95% CI: 8.57-15.58) diets are significantly associated with a higher sustainability score compared to an omnivorous diet. In contrast, a Western diet is inversely associated (β: -5.63; 95% CI: -7.20 to -4.06). Finally, a vegan (Sub-score 1: β: 6.19; 95% CI: 4.43-7.96) diet is consistently associated with higher levels of sustainability in all areas assessed. In contrast, the Western diet shows a significant negative association with sustainability in all subcomponents assessed. Conclusions: Plant-based dietary patterns were shown to be associated with sustainable lifestyles, with the vegan diet having the greatest association, while the Western dietary pattern was inversely associated.

FoodsVol. 14(12)
Universidad de Panamá (PA), Universidad de La Frontera (CL), Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (BO), Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala (GT), Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (MX), Universidade do Porto (PT), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (ES), Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais (BR), University of Bío-Bío (CL), Mexican Academy of Sciences (MX), Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra (PT), Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (AR), San Sebastián University (CL), Universidad de Costa Rica (CR), Universidad Nacional de Colombia (CO), University of the Americas (CL), Universidad del Norte (PY), Universidad Norbert Wiener (PE), Escuela Superior Politécnica del Chimborazo (EC), Universidad Isabel I (ES), University of Coimbra (PT), Universidad Nacional de Asunción (PY), Universidad Católica del Uruguay (UY), Tecnológico de Monterrey (MX)
Openalex Percentile: Top 16%
Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
1.72
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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