Strategic Placement of FACTS Devices for Optimizing Power Transmission Efficiency and Stability

Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices play a critical role in enhancing power transmission efficiency and stability within modern electrical grids. This study investigates the strategic placement of two key FACTS technologies—Thyristor-Controlled Series Capacitors (TCSC) and Static Synchronous Compensators (STATCOM)—to optimize power flow, voltage regulation, and reactive power compensation. Using MATLAB Simulink modeling, a 200kilometer transmission line is simulated with different configurations to assess performance impacts based on device type and location. The analysis reveals that TCSC devices significantly improve power transfer by reducing line reactance and enhancing voltage stability, while STATCOM devices provide superior reactive power support and contribute to overall system stability. Comparative evaluations demonstrate that placing both devices at the sending end of the transmission line yields optimal results in terms of efficiency, power loss reduction, and operational resilience. Additionally, the study addresses the potential environmental implications of deploying FACTS devices near high-emission generation sources, highlighting the need for sustainable integration strategies. These insights offer practical guidance for utilities and system planners aiming to modernize transmission infrastructure through targeted technological interventions.