Design of Fractal Antenna for Wireless Applications

This paper presents a fractal-based triangular microstrip patch antenna for emerging wireless systems. It is an excellent solution for a large number of wireless applications, e.g., WLAN, cellular, and Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The Size of the proposed antenna is 60 x 60 x 1.6 mm<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup>, realized on an FR4 substrate. The antenna is designed to meet a broad spectrum of frequencies with stable radiation across all bands. The design comprises a basic triangular patch with an inset feed, which resonates at 2.4 GHz. Multiband operation is achieved by incorporating fractal iterations. The first fractal iteration is designed for multi-band functionality, covering frequencies such as 3.1 GHz and 4 GHz. The second iteration further increases the number of operating bands, including 1.8 GHz, 2.9 GHz, 4.9 GHz, 6.5 GHz, and 7.1 GHz. The Maximum gain attained in the final iteration is 2.3 dB at 2.9 GHz and 4.6 dB at 7.1 GHz. Ansys HFSS software is used to simulate the proposed structure.