Comparative Analysis of M5 and MOH Core Materials in Dry-Type Transformers Electromagnetic Performance and Cost Evaluation

The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the electromagnetic performance, cost evaluation and comparison of M5 and MOH used as core materials in dry type transformers. Under the same conditions, finite element method (FEM) based simulations are carried out in ANSYS Maxwell simulation program and analyses as magnetic flux density distribution, core losses, energy density and operating current are performed. While the M5 type core made of oriented grain silicon steel has the advantage of being able to reach high magnetic saturation levels, it also causes increased hysteresis and eddy current losses. While the amorphous MOH core is considered, more stable magnetic behavior and lower hysteresis and eddy losses are observed. MOH material has shown potential for long-term savings due to increased efficiency and decreased energy losses. The obtained results are provided a solid reference for transformer designers and manufacturers searching for the most suitable core material for energy-saving and high-performance transformer applications.