Falcon Optimized CNN for the Detection of Alzheimer's Disease in MRI Image

Degenerative illnesses that lead to the eventual death of brain neurons afflict a large number of people. Compared to the traditional Machine Learning (ML) approach, the recent success in the medical community of classifying Alzheimer's Disease (AD) utilized a Deep Learning (DL) technique eliminates the necessity for manual feature extraction techniques. Although DL methods are widely used, there is currently a dearth of trustworthy and comprehensive research on the quantitative analysis of brain Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) data. In this paper, an effective AD classification approach is proposed that use MRI to classify brain structure and diagnose AD. Gaussian filter is used to eliminate noises at different degrees of complexity, noisy backgrounds, low contrast, and partial volume effect in the original input image. Next, K-Means clustering segmentation is useful for dividing image into different regions based on pixel intensity values. Key features for categorization are extracted using the Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix (GLCM) method. A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), enhanced by Falcon Optimization Algorithm (FOA), is employed for AD categorization. The proposed system, implemented on the Python platform using the best Alzheimer's MRI dataset, demonstrates an enhanced accuracy of 93.21 %. Additionally, this model-based approach provides a capable avenue for advancing research in the early detection of AD and holds substantial potential in differentiating AD patients from healthy individuals.