Design of Assistive Wearable Smart Belt for Patients with Parkinson's Disease

There are approximately 10 million people with Parkinson's disease (PD) worldwide, and these statistics show that this value will reach 18 million by 2040. Parkinson's is a neurodegenerative, progressive disease that can be in sight in older people but also the younger population. As the disease progresses, conditions such as posture disorders, falls, and dementia may also occur. One of the most challenging and restrictive conditions for Parkinson's patients in daily life is the "Freeze of Gait" (F.o.G). This study aims to propose and present a design process for an electronic smart belt to increase the mobility and life quality of patients with Parkinson's disease in the case of a freeze of gait. During the design step, Arduino Pro Micro, laser diode, gyroscope and IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) sensors were preferred, immediately detecting the user's F.o.G (Freeze of Gait) condition. The work process of the proposed smart belt begins by transmitting the gyroscope data to Arduino Pro Micro. The mainboard activates the laser diode and provides a visual stimulus by drawing a laser walking line in front of the patient. This system allows the patient's relatives to be instantly informed about the F.o.G situation, even if they are far from the person they care for, with the help of SMS-retrieved location data from a GSM sensor. Sensors and circuits are integrated into the belt prototype, which is designed based on the universal design principle and tested for the usability step. Laboratory assessments show that the proposed model is ready for use and serial production. We believe this study will improve the quality of life of patients with Parkinson's and reduce their dependence on extra carers such as nurses. Also, this model sheds new light on new projects for designing assistive technologies for individuals struggling with Parkinson's.