Smart Helmet for Mining Workers using IoT with LoRaWAN based Communication Technology

Mining has gained enormous importance due to increased human’s need of energy and metal. It is one of the most dangerous trades all over the world because of its hazards such as suffocation, harmful gas poisoning, roof collapse, gas explosions, rock falls and fires. To overcome all these disasters, we have presented the design of a safety helmet for the miners using LoRa Communication technology. This helmet will be equipped with a network of sensors such as DHT11 sensor, MQ02 sensor, flame sensor, IR sensor, vibration sensor and heartbeat sensor. This sensor network detects the presence of the hazardous gases, fire and occurrence of collision (miners are struck by an object) as well as provides notification in the case of helmet removal and constant monitoring of the environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity in the mines and miners heartbeat. In order to take appropriate action based on the parameters sent and, if necessary, evacuate the workers from the mines, the Arduino microcontroller processes the data received from these sensors and transmits it to the control station via LoRa. The paper's primary goals are to create a safety helmet for miners to increase worker safety and include improved communication technology to create an intelligent sensing and warning system.