Performance Investigation of RIS-Assisted Smart City Communication System Under Log-Distance Path Loss and Rician Fading Effects

The rapid growth of interconnected devices, services, and infrastructure drives the need for real-time, reliable communication in smart cities. Advances in technology enable cost-effective solutions using reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS). This paper presents RIS-assisted smart city environments, addressing key issues such as coverage and energy efficiency while evaluating RIS performance in urban and rural settings. Using various deployment scenarios, Rician fading channels illustrate RIS's flexibility. We simulate a Rician fading channel to assess RIS integration's impact on 5G RAN performance. The analysis considers Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), coverage in obstructed areas, and other parameters. Rician fading models complement simulations by depicting urban communication with multipath and line-of-sight (LOS) components, alongside basic rural channel models. Results show RIS systems consume less energy than conventional systems. Findings confirm RIS's effectiveness in reducing path loss, enhancing wireless performance, and supporting cost-effective communication networks in both rural and urban areas.