Dynamic Instance-Level Graph Learning Network of Intracranial Electroencephalography Signals for Epileptic Seizure Prediction

Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology is emerging as a valuable tool for diagnosing and treating epilepsy, with deep learning-based feature extraction methods demonstrating remarkable progress in BCI-aided systems. However, accurately identifying causal relationships in temporal dynamics of epileptic intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) signals remains a challenge. This paper proposes a Dynamic Instance-level Graph Learning Network (DIGLN) for seizure prediction using iEEG signals. The DIGLN comprises two core components: a grouped temporal neural network that extracts node features and a graph structure learning method to capture the causality from intra-channel to inter-channel. Furthermore, we propose a graphical interactive writeback technique to enable DIGLN to capture the causality from inter-channel to intra-channel. Consequently, our DIGLN enables patient-specific dynamic instance-level graph learning, facilitating the modelling of evolving signals and functional connectivities through end-to-end data-driven learning. Experimental results on the Freiburg iEEG dataset demonstrate the superior performance of DIGLN, surpassing other deep learning-based seizure prediction methods. Visualization results further confirm DIGLN's capability to learn interpretable and diverse connections.