Toward Cross-Hospital Deployment of Natural Language Processing Systems: Model Development and Validation of Fine-Tuned Large Language Models for Disease Name Recognition in Japanese

Fine-tuned LLMs demonstrate superior robustness for disease name recognition in Japanese clinical notes, with a smaller performance gap. These findings highlight the potential of LLMs as reliable tools for clinical natural language processing in low-resource language settings and support their deployment in real-world health care applications, where diversity in documentation is inevitable.