Comprehensive approaches in AlzheimerÓ?s disease: from general aspects to stem cell therapy and antidiabetic use

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of amyloid- and Tau protein in brain tissue.AD represents 80% of the cases of dementia worldwide, affecting more than 7.29 million people with an increase in incidence of 147.95% in the past 30 years.At present, conventional treatments for this condition remain limited, which has led to a significant increase in its incidence and prevalence.In this paper, we address general aspects regarding AD, from its pathophysiology, diagnostic methods, and its association with insulin resistance; as well as present treatments and new alternatives, specifically hypoglycemic agents, such as metformin, liraglutide and insulin; and neural stem cells.It is concluded that stem cell and antidiabetic treatments had positive results in preclinical studies, so more future studies are required to consider them safe in humans.