Can a Political Party embrace Democracy

This study examines structural deficiencies within South Korean political parties that hinder the realization of intra-party democracy. It argues that the lack of democratic decision-making processes contributes to political instability and poses a threat to con- stitutional order, as evidenced by recent events such as debates on emergency martial law and presidential impeachment. The weakening of democratic practices within parties also undermines civil society’s ability to safeguard fundamental freedoms and rights. These challenges are intensified by the rise of the Party State—a system in which political parties, heavily reliant on state funding and institutional authority, operate as extensions of the state apparatus. While this system can enhance stability and policy continuity, it reduces incentives for internal accountability and member participation, allowing centralized leadership to dominate without meaningful democratic oversight. To address these issues, this study proposes reforms aimed at democratizing internal decision-making, ensuring fairness and transparency in candidate selection, and enhancing democratic oversight of party finances. Intra-party democracy is not only a matter of organizational efficiency but a constitutional duty and a foundation of democratic governance. As parties take on quasi-governmental roles within the Party State framework, reinforcing democratic norms within them is essential to uphold the rule of law and revitalize democratic resilience in South Korea.