Cultural characteristics of fungal isolates, the main causative agents of grape rot in ampelocenoses of the Western Ciscaucasia

Abstract. The issue of studying groups of microorganisms that cause grape rot is relevant, as it is directly related to ensuring food security and environmental protection. To increase the effectiveness of grape yield protection, a deeper study of the bioecological features of economically significant mycopathogens in changing environmental conditions is necessary. The paper presents the results of a study of the cultural characteristics of the main pathogens of grape rot cultivated in the ampelocenoses of the Taman viticulture subzone of the Krasnodar region. In the course of the work, cultures of isolates of 3 types of mycopathogens were studied: Botrytis cinereal – the causative agent of gray rot; Aspergillus niger – the causative agent of aspergillus rot; Penicillium expansum – the causative agent of penicillium rot. The effect of eight agarized nutrient media on the nature and dynamics of phytopathogen crop growth was studied. Based on the results of the work, it was found that P. expansum on most media produces abundant mycelium growth during seven days of cultivation. A. niger grows very densely on all media except starvation agar. B cinerea produces a fairly dense and fluffy mycelium on all media. The universal medium for the cultivation of the studied mushrooms is the Saburo medium. Glucose-yeast agar and potato-sucrose agar can also be used to isolate and cultivate P. expansum, A. niger and B. cinerea. Keywords: grape rot pathogens, nutrient medium, Aspergillus niger, Penicillum ehpansum, Botriyis cinereal, growth dynamics