Social Conflict Theory: A Critical Framework for Understanding Inequality and Driving Peacebuilding in Kenya and Beyond

This paper examines social conflict theory as a critical lens for analyzing structural inequalities, power dynamics, and institutional oppression.It traces the evolution of the theory from its classical Marxist foundations to its modern applications, emphasizing its relevance in the context of contemporary Kenya.By incorporating realworld examples-particularly within Kenya's political, economic, and correctional systems-the paper explores the role of social conflict in both sustaining and transforming society.It further explores the theory's practical applications in peacebuilding, justice reform, and inclusive governance, highlighting its value for scholars, policymakers, and practitioners alike.