RESTORING BALANCE: INTEGRATING LAND MANAGEMENT AND SOCIAL EQUITY FOR SUSTAINABLE FUTURES IN SANTA, CAMEROON

Land degradation and resource scarcity are pressing challenges undermining agricultural sustainability and rural stability across Sub-Saharan Africa.In Santa Sub-Division, Cameroon, these issues are intensified by rapid land-use change, soil degradation, and institutional constraints.This study investigates the drivers and consequences of environmental scarcity and resource conflict in Santa by integrating spatial analysis, laboratory soil assessments, and household surveys.Results reveal a 30% decline in forest cover and widespread soil acidification, with 65% of sampled soils registering pH below 5.5 over the past two decades.These changes have contributed to a 12% per-decade reduction in maize yields and heightened competition for land and water, particularly in areas with less than 50% forest cover.The research highlights that tenure insecurity and limited adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices are significant barriers to resilience, especially for women and marginalized groups.While national policies such as PNIA and REDD+ exist, their local impact is limited by weak implementation and insufficient community engagement.However, locally adapted solutions, including agroforestry and participatory land management, demonstrate potential for restoring soil health and reducing conflict.These findings underscore the urgent need for integrated, evidence-based interventions that strengthen tenure security, scale up sustainable practices, and foster inclusive governance to build a resilient agricultural future in Santa Sub-Division and similar highland regions.