Evaluation of the effect of kidney transplantation on cardiac activity in patients with chronic heart failure in the outcome of stage 5 chronic kidney disease

The main cause of death in patients with terminal forms of chronic renal failure, on renal replacement therapy, are cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular diseases also account for 40 to 60% of all deaths after kidney transplantation.Objective: in this study, we assessed the effect of kidney transplantation on the functional state of the heart in patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease complicated by the development of chronic heart failure.Methods. The study included 13 patients who had undergone kidney transplants. Inclusion criteria:patients over 18 years of age, the presence of informed consent, with the presence of chronic heart failure with a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction < 50%, a high level of final diastolic volume and a high calculated average pressure in the pulmonary artery.Results. After transplantation, the lowest value of the ejection fraction was 49%, the highest value was 68%, the average value was 56.3%. The calculated average pressure in the pulmonary artery was the lowest value was 10 mmHg. the highest value was 38 mmHg. the average value was 19.69 mmHg. According to the results of the control ultrasound examination after transplantation, positive dynamics was noted in all 13 cases. The average calculated mean pressure in the pulmonary artery decreased from 39.46 mmHg to 19.69 mmHg. a decrease of 50.1%, the ejection fraction increased from 41.46% to 56.43%, an increase of 35.8%.Conclusion. The research results highlight the significant improvement in both cardiac and pulmonary function in patients with chronic heart failure after kidney transplantation. However, in our study, some parameters, such as an increase in the ejection fraction and a decrease in the calculated average pressure in the pulmonary artery, turned out to be more pronounced, which may indicate the specifics of our patient population and treatment methods.Keywords: chronic kidney disease, kidney transplantation, chronic heart failure, final diastolic volume, ejection fraction, arterial hypertension.