Janus nanofiber membrane films loading with bioactive calcium silicate for the promotion of burn wound healing

Abstract Janus nanofiber membrane films (JNMF) are known for their asymmetric properties. This includes protecting the wound from external liquid contamination and efficiently soaking up excess fluids. The morphology of these membranes was meticulously analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, while their water absorption potential, water contact angle, and crucial mechanical properties were rigorously tested. With increasing calcium silicate (CS) concentration in JNMF, the tensile strain first increased and then decreased. When CS content was 15%, its peak value was 38.28%, indicating the best performance. In vitro tests confirmed that JNMF loaded with Si 4+ effectively promote cell adhesion, multiplication, and directional migration. In vivo studies have shown that JNMF possesses anti-inflammatory properties, promotes angiogenesis, and facilitates the regeneration of epidermal tissue. Immunohistochemical staining underscored the JNMF ability to accelerate wound healing by upregulating CD31 and α-SMA expression. As a result, JNMF presents itself as a promising material for the treatment of severe burn wounds.