Research on Self Powered Industrial Vibration Monitoring and Abnormal Alarm System Based on Friction Nanogenerator and MEMS Technology

Traditional power supply methods such as batteries and wired power sources are limited by issues such as short lifespan, environmental pollution, and complex wiring, making them particularly difficult to apply in remote or harsh environments, severely restricting the widespread deployment of nodes. Self powered technology provides an environmentally friendly and efficient alternative solution to energy supply problems by directly obtaining mechanical energy from the environment. As an innovative device, frictional nanogenerators can convert mechanical energy into electrical signals, meeting energy requirements and sensing vibration signals, opening up a new path for industrial vibration monitoring. This article designs a self powered system that integrates a friction nanogenerator and a MEMS switch. Using a spring supported vertical contact separation structure, a device that integrates energy acquisition and signal sensing is developed to effectively collect vibration energy and capture acceleration information. Further analysis was conducted on the voltage output patterns of the generator under different vibration conditions, verifying its sensitivity to acceleration and energy conversion efficiency. In addition, the integrated power management module improves energy harvesting performance and achieves wireless alarm triggering based on acceleration changes through MEMS switches. The experimental simulation of factory vibration environment shows that the system can achieve real-time monitoring of vibration status without external power supply, and accurately transmit alarm signals under abnormal conditions, providing a reliable solution for industrial equipment monitoring.