A Dodecagon-Shaped 12-port Vivaldi MIMO Antenna: Achieving 360° Pattern Diversity for Next-Generation Wireless Applications

The study results showed that a 12-port Vivaldi MIMO antenna in the shape of a dodecagon was presented with 360° pattern diversity for next-generation wireless applications. Utilizing a 50 Ω microstrip bending feed and Teflon (ε<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</inf> = 2.1, tanδ = 0.0002) as the substrate, the device demonstrated reliability and effective power distribution. It was observed that the three-port symmetric design offered advantages in both operating efficiency and signal integrity. In the 14 GHz to 40 GHz frequency range, the antipodal gap between them achieved isolation values of less than -25 dB. The MIMO antenna demonstrated exceptional MIMO performance metrics, including an impressive gain of 10.2 dB and radiation efficiency of approximately 98%. It also showed envelope correlation coefficients (ECC) of 0.0003, diversity gains (DG) of 9.997 dB, channel capacity loss (CCL) of less than 0.4 bits/s GHz, and a total active reflection coefficient (TARC) of less than 10 dB and the minimum TARC value was -32.15 dB at 180° phase difference. These metrics meant insignificant mutual coupling between radiating elements. Furthermore, both the mean effective gain (MEG) and the MEG ratio were within acceptable bounds. This innovative design worked well for next-generation wireless systems like microwave and mm-wave applications because it provided broad and reliable signal coverage.