Exposing and Addressing Fake Base Station Vulnerabilities in 5G Through User Device Exploits

The rapid advancement of 5G networks introduces new security challenges, particularly with the rise of false base station (FBS) attacks. This study investigates the vulnerabilities of 5G networks exploited by FBSs, which hijack communications by mimicking legitimate base stations and compromising user equipment (UE). Through simulated experiments, we demonstrate how attackers can capture and replay 5G authentication vectors, bypassing security protocols and gaining unauthorized access. Key attack vectors include man-in-the-middle attacks and false mobility management function replays. Our findings highlight the need for enhanced authentication protocols and real-time detection systems to mitigate these threats. This research provides critical insights into securing 5G networks, emphasizing the importance of adaptive defense strategies against evolving cyber threats.