A Seed-Based Encryption Using Dynamic DNA Coding and Stochastic Mealy Machine

Due to high-speed processing across minimal storage and low computational cost, DNA cryptography can be used to design rationally efficient encryption techniques. Here, incorporating permutation along with finite automata can enrich the level of randomness with diffusion while retaining the efficiency. This paper proposes a new encryption technique by designing a session-specific seed-based shuffling that uses dynamic DNA encoding and a stochastic Mealy machine as the underlying building blocks. Here, the shuffling mechanism configures an ASCII to 7-bit binary mapping table that attains the initial layer of confusion. Then, the substitution of bit-pairs with DNA bases provides another layer of confusion where a random-seed controls the dynamism of the DNA coding. Eventually, the shuffling sets up the stochastic property of the Mealy machine that achieves a better diffusion. Lastly, experimental results, comparisons, and analyses prove the efficacy of the proposed technique while comparing it with state-of-the-art works concerning time complexity, ciphertext and parameter size, resisting various security and statistical attacks, etc.