The role of proteomics and radioproteomics in biomarkers of liver HCC for di-agnosis, therapy and enhance interventional radiological treatments

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver cancer and is highly malignant. Current diagnostic tests are blood, imaging and biopsy, with no useful predictive biomarker. Additionally, targeted therapies are unavailable, which hinders the potential for personalized therapy in HCC patients. Here, we discuss the limited studies conducted thus far to identify molecular targets for early detection and treatment of HCC, their limitations and future directions in this field. However, the integration of multi-omics analyses, such as genomics, proteomics, and phosphoproteomics, has provided valuable insights into the mechanisms and pathways underlying the disease.